⚀Clock Periods and ⚀Phases of the Day

Observe that we can bisect a day into two ⚀clock periods (semi·days), each 6 ⚀dwells long (equivalent to 60zbreathers, or 600z ⚀trices, or 10z|12d hours, or 500z|720d minutes). But where should we make the partition? The modern Western convention, of course, is to divide the day at noon and midnight, yielding the familiar Ante Meridiem (A.M.) and Post Meridiem (P.M.⚀clock periods. These are Latin for “Before Mid-Day” and “After Mid-Day”.

However, some cultures (notably the Abrahamic religions) have traditionally bisected the day at sunrise and sunset, yielding Daylight and Nighttime ⚀clock periods. In Latin, these might be called Lux and Nox. The traditional approach of these cultures is to observe the actual appearance and disappearance of the sun across the horizon, marking sunrise and sunset on a daily basis. This makes the division between Lux and Nox, and the lengths of both, a complex, varying function of latitude, longitude, season of the year, Daylight Savings Time, and the effects of twilight atmospheric refraction.

For that matter, the actual points of “mid-day”, when the Sun is at zenith, and “mid-night”, when the Sun is at nadir, are just as subject to daily and seasonal fluctuation. For simplicity however, Primel will assume “nominal” or “average” times for these events, with “mean sunrise” and “mean sunset" deemed to occur exactly half-way between “nominal midnight” and “nominal noon”.

But which way should we divide the day? Interesting question. Dozenal base provides easy divisibility by 4—so what if we bisected the day both ways? Then this would divide the day into quarters, analogous to the four seasons of the year or the four phases of the Moon. Primel proposes calling these quarters ⚀phases of the day. Each would be 3 ⚀dwells long (equivalent to 30zbreathers, or 300z ⚀trices, or 6 hours, or 260z=360d minutes).

We can give each ⚀phase of the day a distinct name. One way to do this is simply to use the cross-product of the names of the two orthogonal bisections. But it turns out that English already has suitable names for these periods: 

⚀Phases of the Day

PhaseLatin PhraseEnglish TranslationPeriodTrice TimeSexagesimal Time
FromToFromToFromTo
OvernightNox Ante MeridiemNighttime Before MidDayNominal MidnightMean Sunrise000z2ƐƐz12:00d A.M.05:59d A.M. 
MorningLux Ante MeridiemDaylight Before MidDayMean SunriseNominal Noon300z5ƐƐz06:00d A.M.11:59d A.M. 
AfternoonLux Post MeridiemDaylight After MidDayNominal NoonMean Sunset600z8ƐƐz12:00d P.M.05:59d P.M.
EveningNox Post MeridiemNighttime After MidDayMean SunsetNominal Midnight900zƐƐƐz06:00d P.M.11:59d P.M.

Hence the clock periods are combinations of two adjacent ⚀phases each:

⚀Clocks of the Day

Latin NameAbbrEngish TranslationConstituentsPeriod⚀Trice TimeSexagesimal Time
FromToFromToFromTo
Lux
DaylightMorning + AfternoonMean SunriseMean Sunset300z8ƐƐz06:00d A.M.05:59d P.M.
Nox
NighttimeEvening + OvernightMean SunsetMean Sunrise900z2ƐƐz06:00d P.M.05:59d A.M.
Ante MeridiemA.M.Before MidDayOvernight + MorningNominal MidnightNominal Noon0005ƐƐz12:00d A.M.11:59d A.M.
Post MeridiemP.M.After MidDayAfternoon + EveningNominal NoonNominal Midnight600zƐƐƐz12:00d P.M.11:59d P.M.

We can divide each ⚀phase into 3 ⚀dwells, and assign them names: Early, Mid, and Late:

⚀Dwells of the Day

⚀Clock (⚀Semi·day)⚀Phase (⚀Quarter·day)⚀Dwell (Uncia·day)⚀Trice TimeTGM TimeHours:⚀TricesSexagesimal Time
FromToFromToFromToFromTo




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0Early Overnight000z05Ɛz0000z00ƐƐz00:00z00:z12:00d A.M.12:59d A.M.
060z0ƐƐz0100z01ƐƐz01:00z01:z01:00d A.M.01:59d A.M.
1Mid Overnight100z15Ɛz0200z02ƐƐz02:00z02:z02:00d A.M.02:59d A.M.
160z1ƐƐz0300z03ƐƐz03:00z03:z03:00d A.M.03:59d A.M.
2Late Overnight200z25Ɛz0400z04ƐƐz04:00z04:z04:00d A.M.04:59d A.M.
260z2ƐƐz0500z05ƐƐz05:00z05:z05:00d A.M.05:59d A.M.








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3Early Morning300z35Ɛz0600z06ƐƐz06:00z06:z06:00d A.M.06:59d A.M.
360z3ƐƐz0700z07ƐƐz07:00z07:z07:00d A.M.07:59d A.M.
4Mid Morning400z45Ɛz0800z08ƐƐz08:00z08:z08:00d A.M.08:59d A.M.
460z4ƐƐz0900z09ƐƐz09:00z09:z09:00d A.M.09:59d A.M.
5Late Morning500z55Ɛz000z0ƐƐz0:00z0ᘔ:z10:00d A.M.10:59d A.M.
560z5ƐƐz0Ɛ00z0ƐƐƐz0Ɛ:00z0Ɛ:5Ɛz11:00d A.M.11:59d A.M.





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6Early Afternoon600z65Ɛz1000z10ƐƐz10:00z10:z12:00d P.M.12:59d P.M.
660z6ƐƐz1100z11ƐƐz11:00z11:z01:00d P.M.01:59d P.M.
7Mid Afternoon700z75Ɛz1200z12ƐƐz12:00z12:z02:00d P.M.02:59d P.M.
760z7ƐƐz1300z13ƐƐz13:00z13:z03:00d P.M.03:59d P.M.
8Late Afternoon800z85Ɛz1400z14ƐƐz14:00z14:z04:00d P.M.04:59d P.M.
860z8ƐƐz1500z15ƐƐz15:00z15:z05:00d P.M.05:59d P.M.




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9Early Evening900z95Ɛz1600z16ƐƐz16:00z16:z06:00d P.M.06:59d P.M.
960z9ƐƐz1700z17ƐƐz17:00z17:z07:00d P.M.07:59d P.M.
Mid Eveningᘔ00zᘔ5Ɛz1800z18ƐƐz18:00z18:z08:00d P.M.08:59d P.M.
ᘔ60zᘔƐƐz1900z19ƐƐz19:00z19:z09:00d P.M.09:59d P.M.
ƐLate EveningƐ00zƐ5Ɛz1ᘔ00z1ᘔƐƐz1ᘔ:00z1ᘔ:z10:00d P.M.10:59d P.M.
Ɛ60zƐƐƐz1Ɛ00z1ƐƐƐz1Ɛ:00z1Ɛ:z11:00d P.M.11:59d P.M.

In a Primel world, people would likely tell time in terms of the ⚀trice count. Since the ⚀trice is 5/6 of a minute, this gives accuracy to the minute and better, using only three dozenal digits. Conventional 12d-hour clock time requires four digits plus an indicator of the current ⚀clock period, A.M. or P.M. TGM time in lapses does better in that the hour is encoded in a single digit and the top digit encodes the  ⚀clock period (0=A.M., 1=P.M.). However, one more digit only gives accuracy down to the nearest 5-minute (6-⚀trice) ⚀block. To get at least minute accuracy in TGM requires 4 digits. But because the lapse is half the size of the ⚀trice, and only 25d seconds long, this provides too much accuracy, at the expense of taking up an additional digit. Bottom line, the Primel scheme is the most compact.

The so-called “9-to-5” job would start at 460z ⚀trices, half-way through Mid Morning ⚀dwell, and would end at 860z ⚀trices, half-way through Late Afternoon ⚀dwell. This gives a total duration of 400z ⚀trices or 4 ⚀dwells (8 hours). Then again, in a Primel world, businesses might opt to start and end the work day on round ⚀dwells, let's say 400z to 800z ⚀trices (8:00d A.M. to 4:00d P.M., or Mid Morning through Mid Afternoon), or perhaps even 500z to 900z ⚀trices (10:00d A.M. to 6:00d P.M., or Late Morning through Late Afternoon). In the latter case, this might be referred to as a “5-to-9” job, standing the conventional term on its head.